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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Collect data that contributes to client health care plan
  2. Undertake client assessment for admission and discharge
  3. Analyse client health assessment data and observations
  4. Contribute to the development of individual care plans for clients
  5. Prepare for client discharge

Required Skills

This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level required for this unit

Essential knowledge

The candidate must be able to demonstrate essential knowledge required to effectively do the task outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit manage the task and manage contingencies in the context of the identified work role

This includes knowledge of

Admission and discharge planning

Confidentiality and privacy

Effects of biological maturation and ageing processes on body systems and their components

Equipment for use in nursing skills or data collection

Human growth and development

age specific health care needs

cultural religious and spiritual beliefs and practices related to health status

developmental stages of childhood

growth psychosocial development and the cognitive and motor development of the toddler preschool and school aged child

physical growth cognitive and motor development of infants months

role of play in a childs development

the impact of hospitalisation for the child and family

developmental stages and major issues of adolescence

developmental stages of adulthood major activities related to each stage of adulthood and impact of infertility

different approaches to understanding human growth and development

differing influences of genetics and environment on development

family health care needs

gender specific health care needs

variations in activities of daily living across the lifespan

Health needs across the lifespan

Indepth understanding of the structure and functioning of anatomy and physiology of the human body and pathophysiology of disease as addressed in unit HLTAPA Analyse health information

In-depth understanding of the structure and functioning of anatomy and physiology of the human body and pathophysiology of disease as addressed in unit HLTAP501A Analyse health information

Interpretation and analysis of client information

Legal and professional standards of practice

Principles of health assessment problem solving strategies and techniques for conducting health assessment

Wellness approach to health physiology and psychosocial

Essential skills

It is critical that the candidate demonstrate the ability to effectively do the task outlined in elements and performance criteria of this unit manage the task and manage contingencies in the context of the identified work role

This includes the ability to

Apply documentation principles

appropriate terminology

data collection instruments used in health care environments

legally compliant recording and reporting

types of data to be collected in health care environment

Apply information technology skills

Apply health care procedures

admission and discharge procedures

assessment of activities of daily living

assessment of pain

blood glucose monitoring

holistic client assessment

measurements temperature pulse respirations and blood pressure

neurological observations

neurovascular observations

observations

oximetry body mass index

physical assessment

specimen collection

urinalysis

Apply professional standards of practice

ANMC code of conduct

ANMC code of ethics

ANMC national EnrolledDivision nurse competency standards

stateterritory Nurse Regulatory Nurses Act

stateterritory Nursing and Midwifery Regulatory Authority standards of practice

scope of nursing practice decision making framework

Contribute to health teaching

Use language literacy and numeracy competence required to communicate effectively with client group and record or report client outcomes

Use communication skills

establishing rapport

interpreter services

modification of communication techniques to suit age gender spiritual and cultural needs

questioning skills

Use interpersonal skills including working with others empathy with clients family and colleagues using sensitivity when dealing with people and relating to persons from differing cultural spiritual social and religious backgrounds

Evidence Required

The evidence guide provides advice on assessment and must be read in conjunction with the Performance Criteria Required Skills and Knowledge the Range Statement and the Assessment Guidelines for this Training Package

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate this competency unit


The individual being assessed must provide evidence of specified essential knowledge as well as skills

Observation of performance in a work context is essential for assessment of this unit

Consistency of performance should be demonstrated over the required range of workplace situations and should occur on more than one occasion and be assessed by a registered nurse

Context of and specific resources for assessment


This unit is most appropriately assessed in the clinical workplace or in a simulated clinical work environment and under the normal range of clinical environment conditions prior to assessment in the clinical workplace

Where for reasons of safety access to equipment and resources and space assessment takes place away from the workplace simulations should be used to represent workplace conditions as closely as possible

Method of assessment

Observation in the workplace

Written assignmentsprojects

Case study and scenario as a basis for discussion of issues and strategies to contribute to best practice

Questioning verbal and writing

Role playsimulation

Access and equity considerations

All workers in the health industry should be aware of access and equity issues in relation to their own area of work

All workers should develop their ability to work in a culturally diverse environment

In recognition of particular health issues facing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities workers should be aware of cultural historical and current issues impacting on health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

Assessors and trainers must take into account relevant access and equity issues in particular relating to factors impacting on health of Aboriginal andor Torres Strait Islander clients and communities

Related units

This unit is recommended to be assessed in conjunction with the following related competency unit

HLTAPB Analyse health information

HLTAP501B Analyse health information

HLTENB Apply effective communication skills in nursing practice

HLTEN502B Apply effective communication skills in nursing practice

This competency unit incorporates the content of

HLTENB Undertake basic client assessment

HLTEN403B Undertake basic client assessment


Range Statement

The Range Statement relates to the unit of competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Add any essential operating conditions that may be present with training and assessment depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts.

Preliminary health assessment data collected may include:

Allergies

Biographical information

Client and/or family concerns regarding the illness or disease

Co-existing health problems

Current lifestyle patterns and behaviours

Environmental factors and living circumstances

Family history of presenting illness or disease in addition to length of symptoms

Immunisation status

Medications

Past medical or surgical condition

Presenting condition

Clinical nursing interventions or observations include:

Blood glucose level

Blood pressure

Body mass index

Height and weight

Neurological observations

Performance of activities of daily living

Sensory perception

Skin colour, integrity and turgor

Temperature/pulse/respirations

Urinalysis

Age and gender considerations could include:

Age of consent

Body image perceptions

Confidentiality

Female health concerns

Male health concerns

Maturation and physical development

Need for parental consent

Self esteem

Cultural, spiritual or religious data could include:

Cultural practices

Culturally appropriate nursing actions

Need for interpreter services

Religious beliefs

Spiritual beliefs

Views on health and illness

Common terms associated with human behaviour may include:

Achievement

Affect

Emotion

Mood

Motivation

Perception

Sensation

Factors that influence health related behaviour may include:

age

Culture

Economic

Educational

Environmental

Gender

Geographical

Physiological

Psychological

Social

The concepts of growth and development may include:

Cephalocaudal

Cognitive

Emotional

Inclusive

Interdependent

Physical

Proximo-distal

Simple to complex

Social

The theorists associated with theories of growth and development may include:

Erikson

Freud

Havighurst

Maslow

Piaget

Cognitive and motor development of infants (0 -1) may include:

Attachment and Bonding

Emotional development - from excitement to jealousy

Gross motor skills: rolling, crawling, walking

Language development

Memory

Object permanence

Percentile charts

Reflexes

Relationship development

Spatial relationships

Time

Toddler's development may include:

Assist rather than instruct

Beginnings of independence and autonomy

Cause and effect

Completion of simple puzzles

Fine motor skills pencil grip, using scissors, pulling up pants, washing hands

Gross motor skills: walking, running, climbing, riding tricycles

Love and affection

Object permanence developing

Offering choices

Play alongside other children

Routines

Safe environment

Self feeding

continued ...

Toddler's development may include (cont):

Sensitivity from adults

Slow down of physical growth

Speech

Temper tantrums

Toilet training

Preschooler's development may include:

Construction activities

Development of fears: dark, accidents

Egocentric

Endless questioning

Fine motor skills: cutting, painting, drawing

Gross motor skills: running, climbing, jumping, throwing, catching

Increasing language skills: chatter, sing

Learning requires the use of physical materials integrated into real life situations

Need for exploration with in a safe environment

Physical growth increases

Playing with other children, actively looking for playmates

Pre - operational phase (Piaget)

Require acceptance and encouragement

Rich and creative imagination

Routines

Safe environment

Social interactions

School aged child's development may include:

Abstract and more flexible thought

Appearance of secondary sexual characteristics

Concrete operational phase (Piaget)

Cooperation

Fear, depression and detachment

Generosity

Height, weight and changes in proportion

Helpfulness

Independence

Injury prevention

Participation in team sports

Peer group

Permanent teeth

Playground pecking order

Problem solving skills

Recognition of individual needs

Self concept

Self esteem

Social self

Timing and coordination

Adolescent development may include:

Abstract thinking

Appreciation for double meanings and symbolism

Body proportions

Changes in height and weight - growth spurts

Dating - behaviour, rejection and first love

Emancipation from parents

Formal operation phase (Piaget)

Formation of Personal identity

Identity V Role confusion (Erikson)

Menstruation

Muscle development

Puberty

Safety, protection and support

Self image

Sexual development

Major adolescent issues may include:

Alcohol consumption - binge drinking

Career path

Eating disorders

Employment

Gender identity

'Generation gap'

Juvenile delinquency/crime

Peer pressure

Rape

Road accidents

Safe sex

Smoking

Substance use and abuse

Teenage pregnancy

Teenage suicide

Early, middle and older adult activities may include:

'Empty Nest'

Children grow up and leave home

Community work

Community work

Contribution to society/future generations

Death of family members

Developing a career

Economic independence

Finding a partner

Grandparenthood

Marriage

Marriage disenchantment

Menopause

Mentors for younger generations

Parent hood

Reduction in Progesterone

Retirement

Nursing record or reports may include:

Care plans

Client referrals

Clinical pathways

Completion of client based assessment tools and observation charts

Computerised reporting

Drug orders

Integrated notes

Nursing notes

Resident classification records

Test results

Written instructions

Biomedical equipment may include:

ECG machine/monitor

Glass/tympanic/thermometer

Glucometer

Manual/electronic sphygmomanometer

Peak flow meter

Pencil torch

Pulse oximeter

Stethoscope

Timing device with second hand

Urine testing kit

Weighing scales

Validations of findings include:

Checking of reading with a registered nurse, as appropriate

Checks/comparisons on baseline observations

Elimination of artefacts

Use of manual versus mechanical; observations

Visual and verbal assessment of the client